See every current pack, topic test, and concept test in one place.

Physics

Physics Connections Pack

Connect motion, oscillation, wave behavior, and orbital reasoning across one compact physics assessment.

Mechanics • Oscillations • Waves • Gravity and Orbits

Math

Math Linked Representations Pack

Move between transformed graphs, local rates, vectors, and complex-plane motion without treating each representation as a separate island.

Functions • Calculus • Vectors • Complex Numbers and Parametric Motion

Chemistry

Chemistry Connected Systems Pack

Connect reaction progress, recipe limits, and solution balance across the current chemistry topics.

Rates and Equilibrium • Stoichiometry and Yield • Solutions and pH

Physics

Mechanics

Use vectors, trajectories, circular motion, turning effects, momentum, and collisions to read motion and interactions on one compact simulation-first branch.

Physics

Gravity and Orbits

Start with the gravitational field of one source mass, then keep the same model while potential wells, circular orbits, orbital periods, and escape speed stay tied together.

Physics

Oscillations

Keep one oscillator in view while displacement, restoring force, energy exchange, damping, and driven resonance stay on the same bounded branch.

Physics

Waves

Move from one traveling wave into Doppler shifts, interference, and standing-wave patterns so wavelength, phase, and allowed modes stay visually connected.

Physics

Sound

Keep sound tied to a real medium while longitudinal motion, pitch and loudness, beats, and air-column resonance stay on one bounded acoustics branch.

Physics

Fluids

Start with pressure as force per area, then keep the fluids story coherent through hydrostatic pressure, steady-flow continuity, Bernoulli's speed-pressure-height trade, buoyancy from displaced fluid, and resistive drag that settles into terminal speed.

Physics

Thermodynamics

Separate temperature from total internal energy, bridge that microscopic story into gas pressure and the ideal-gas law, then follow how thermal energy crosses boundaries and shapes honest heating curves on one compact thermal branch.

Physics

Electricity

Focus on charges, electric fields, electric potential, and capacitor storage so source, voltage, and stored electric energy stay clear before the current-and-circuit branch takes over.

Physics

Circuits

Use one bounded circuit branch to connect current, voltage, Kirchhoff balance, time response, non-ideal source behavior, power, and equivalent resistance without leaving the same battery-and-load language.

Physics

Magnetism

Start with the magnetic field made by current, then use that same field to explain forces on moving charges and current-carrying wires.

Physics

Electromagnetism

Use changing magnetic flux, Maxwell's four-law synthesis, and electromagnetic waves to see how time-varying fields couple and propagate.

Physics

Optics

Follow light as a wave through polarization, diffraction, double-slit interference, refraction, dispersion, and total internal reflection before image-forming systems split into their own branch.

Physics

Mirrors and Lenses

Compare mirrors and lenses as image-forming systems, then use diffraction limits to understand why real instruments cannot resolve arbitrarily fine detail.

Physics

Modern Physics

Keep the modern-physics branch bounded with the photoelectric effect, atomic spectra, de Broglie matter waves, the Bohr model, and radioactivity / half-life so threshold emission, discrete lines, matter wavelength, quantized hydrogen levels, and probabilistic nuclear decay all stay tied to compact, visually honest benches instead of detached historical anecdotes.

Math

Functions

Use parent-curve moves, a shifted reciprocal family, and one exponential bench so graph moves, asymptotes, domain breaks, growth versus decay, and target-time questions stay tied to the same visual branch before the math path widens into local and accumulated change.

Math

Calculus

Start from slope on the graph itself, use one constrained rectangle bench to make a real maximum visible, keep limit and continuity behavior available on one target point, and then widen into signed area and accumulation so rate and total change stay connected on one visual branch.

Math

Vectors

Use one 2D plane to read vectors as arrows, ordered pairs, matrix actions, alignment measures, and projections before the same language bridges into motion.

Math

Complex Numbers and Parametric Motion

Use one bounded math branch where the complex plane, unit-circle rotation, polar coordinates, trig identities, inverse-angle reasoning, and motion traced from equations all stay tied to the same coordinate language.

Chemistry

Rates and Equilibrium

Use one compact chemistry branch where collision success explains reaction rate first, then the same particle language widens into reversible change and a new equilibrium mix.

Chemistry

Stoichiometry and Yield

Use one compact chemistry branch where a visible recipe bench connects stoichiometric ratios, limiting reagent, and percent yield without leaving the same particle-and-recipe language.

Chemistry

Solutions and pH

Use one compact chemistry branch where concentration, solubility, acid-base balance, buffers, and pH all stay attached to the same bounded solution story.

Computer Science

Algorithms and Search

Use one bounded CS branch where visible list work grows into one coherent graph-traversal bench, so sorting, binary search, adjacency, BFS, DFS, and visited-state behavior stay on compact live surfaces.

Physics

Simple Harmonic Motion

SHM

See one repeating system from displacement to acceleration and back again, with the math tied directly to the motion on screen.

Physics

Oscillation Energy

Energy in SHM

Watch kinetic and potential energy trade places in simple harmonic motion while the total stays fixed by amplitude and spring stiffness.

Physics

Wave Speed and Wavelength

Wave speed

Follow one traveling wave across the same medium and connect crest spacing, travel delay, source timing, and the relation v = f lambda on one honest live stage.

Physics

Sound Waves and Longitudinal Motion

Sound waves

See sound as a longitudinal wave by keeping parcel motion, compression and rarefaction, probe timing, and energy transfer tied to one compact medium-first bench.

Physics

Pitch, Frequency, and Loudness / Intensity

Pitch and loudness

Keep one compact sound bench while separating pitch from frequency, loudness from amplitude and an amplitude-squared intensity cue, and probe delay from the source sound itself.

Physics

Beats

Superpose two nearby sound frequencies, watch the fast carrier sit inside a slower envelope, and connect beat rate to the frequency difference on one compact bench.

Physics

Doppler Effect

Doppler effect

Watch a moving sound source compress wavefronts ahead and stretch them behind, then see how source motion and observer motion combine to change the heard pitch on one bounded classical bench.

Physics

Wave Interference

Interference

Superpose two coherent sources, trace their path difference to phase difference, and watch bright and dark regions emerge on the same live screen.

Physics

Standing Waves

Standing waves

Track fixed nodes, moving antinodes, and harmonic mode shapes on one live string while the same probe trace shows the underlying oscillation in time.

Physics

Resonance in Air Columns / Open and Closed Pipes

Air-column resonance

Compare open and closed pipe boundary conditions on one compact air column so standing-wave shapes, missing even harmonics, probe motion, and pressure cues stay tied to the same resonance state.

Physics

Uniform Circular Motion

UCM

Track a particle moving at constant speed around a circle and connect radius, angular speed, tangential speed, centripetal acceleration, and the inward-force requirement to the same live state.

Physics

Damping / Resonance

Damping

Explore how damping removes energy, how driving frequency changes amplitude, and why resonance becomes dramatic near the natural frequency.

Physics

Vectors and Components

Vectors

Rotate and scale a live vector, decompose it into horizontal and vertical parts, and watch those components drive the same straight-line motion and geometry.

Physics

Torque

Push on one pivoted bar and see how lever arm distance, force direction, and turning effect stay tied to the same compact rotational bench.

Physics

Static Equilibrium / Centre of Mass

Static equilibrium

Shift one support region under one loaded plank and see how centre of mass, support reactions, and torque balance decide whether the object stays stable or tips.

Physics

Rotational Inertia / Moment of Inertia

Rotational inertia

Keep the same total mass and torque, then slide equal masses inward or outward to see why moment of inertia makes some rotors much harder to spin up than others.

Physics

Rolling Motion

Rolling motion

Roll a sphere, cylinder, hoop, or custom mass distribution down one incline and see how rolling without slipping ties translation, rotation, and rotational inertia to the same honest run.

Physics

Angular Momentum

Angular momentum

Treat angular momentum as rotational momentum on one compact rotor where mass radius and spin rate stay tied to the same readouts, response maps, and same-L conservation story.

Physics

Momentum and Impulse

Momentum / Impulse

Push one cart with a timed force pulse and watch momentum, impulse, and force-time area stay tied to the same motion, readouts, and graphs.

Physics

Conservation of Momentum

Momentum conservation

Watch two carts trade momentum through one bounded internal interaction and see the total stay fixed while the individual momenta, velocities, and center-of-mass motion update together.

Physics

Collisions

Collide two carts on one honest track, keep total momentum in view, and see how elasticity, mass, and incoming speed shape the rebound or stick-together outcome.

Physics

Projectile Motion

Projectile

Launch a projectile, watch the trajectory form, and connect the range, height, and component motion to the launch settings.

Physics

Gravitational Fields

Gravity fields

See how one source mass creates an inward gravitational field, how source mass and distance set the field strength, and how a probe mass turns that field into force without changing the field itself.

Physics

Gravitational Potential and Potential Energy

Gravity potential

See one source mass create a negative potential well, compare how potential and potential energy change with distance, and connect the downhill slope of phi to the gravitational field on the same live model.

Physics

Pressure and Hydrostatic Pressure

Pressure in fluids

Use one piston-and-tank bench to connect force per area, pressure acting in all directions, and the way density, gravity, and depth build hydrostatic pressure.

Physics

Continuity Equation

Continuity

Keep one steady stream tube on screen and use Q = Av to connect cross-sectional area, flow speed, and the same volume flow rate through narrow and wide sections.

Physics

Bernoulli's Principle

Bernoulli

Follow one steady ideal-flow pipe and see how pressure, speed, and height trade within the same Bernoulli budget while continuity keeps the flow-rate story honest.

Physics

Buoyancy and Archimedes' Principle

Buoyancy

Use one immersed-block bench to connect pressure difference, displaced fluid, and the density balance behind floating, sinking, and neutral buoyancy.

Physics

Drag and Terminal Velocity

Terminal speed

Drop one body through a fluid and use mass, area, and drag strength to see drag grow with speed until force balance settles into terminal velocity.

Physics

Temperature and Internal Energy

Temperature vs U

Compare average particle motion with whole-sample energy, vary amount and heating, and see why a phase-change shelf breaks naive temperature-only reasoning on one compact thermal bench.

Physics

Ideal Gas Law and Kinetic Theory

Ideal gas law

Connect pressure, volume, temperature, and particle number on one bounded particle box, then read the same pressure changes back as changes in particle speed and wall-collision rate.

Physics

Heat Transfer

Heat transfer

See heat as energy transfer driven by temperature difference while conduction, convection, and radiation compete on one compact bench with honest pathway rates.

Physics

Specific Heat and Phase Change

Specific heat and phase change

See why the same energy pulse changes different materials by different temperature amounts, and why a phase-change shelf can absorb or release energy without changing temperature on one compact thermal bench.

Physics

Circular Orbits and Orbital Speed

Orbital speed

See why a circular orbit needs the right sideways speed, how gravity supplies the centripetal acceleration, and how source mass and radius together set orbital speed and period on one bounded live model.

Physics

Electric Fields

E-fields

See how source-charge sign, distance, and superposition set the electric field at one probe, then watch a test charge turn that field into a force without changing the field itself.

Physics

Kepler's Third Law and Orbital Periods

Orbital periods

Compare circular orbits around one source mass and see why larger orbits take longer: the path is longer, the circular speed is lower, and the same live model makes the period law visible without hiding the gravity-speed link.

Physics

Electric Potential

Potential

Map how source-charge sign and distance shape electric potential, compare potential differences across one honest scan line, and connect the downhill slope of V to the electric field.

Physics

Capacitance and Stored Electric Energy

Capacitance

Keep one parallel-plate capacitor on screen so geometry, stored charge, field strength, and stored electric energy stay tied to the same bounded battery-and-plates model.

Physics

Escape Velocity

Escape speed

Launch outward from one bounded gravity source and see how source mass, launch radius, and total specific energy decide whether the object escapes or eventually returns.

Physics

Basic Circuits

Circuits

Keep one battery and two resistors in view while current, voltage, resistance, Ohm's law, and the contrast between series and parallel all stay tied to one honest circuit.

Physics

Light as an Electromagnetic Wave

Light and spectrum

Connect electromagnetic waves to visible light, color, frequency, and the broader spectrum while one compact stage keeps the spectrum rail, field-pair sketch, and medium-linked wavelength changes tied together.

Physics

Polarization

Use one compact polarizer bench to see polarization as the orientation story of transverse waves, how angle mismatch sets transmitted light, and why one ideal polarizer makes unpolarized light emerge with one chosen axis.

Physics

Power and Energy in Circuits

Circuit power

Keep one source and one resistive load in view while current, power, and accumulated energy over time stay tied to the same honest circuit.

Physics

Diffraction

Watch a wave spread after one narrow opening, see why diffraction grows when wavelength competes with slit width, and build the wave-optics bridge toward double-slit interference.

Physics

Double-Slit Interference

Double slit

Use two coherent slits and one screen to connect path difference, phase difference, and fringe spacing to wavelength, slit separation, and screen distance on one compact optics bench.

Physics

Refraction / Snell's Law

Refraction

Watch one light ray cross a boundary, connect refractive index to speed change, and see Snell's law set the refracted angle, bending direction, and critical-angle limit on the same live diagram.

Physics

Series and Parallel Circuits

Series / Parallel

Switch the same two loads between one loop and two branches, then track how current, voltage, brightness, and charge flow reorganize without changing the battery.

Physics

Dispersion / Refractive Index and Color

Dispersion and color

Use one compact thin-prism bench to see how refractive index can depend on wavelength, why different colors bend by different amounts, and how a bounded prism model separates colors without widening into a full spectroscopy subsystem.

Physics

Total Internal Reflection

TIR

Push a ray from a higher-index medium toward a lower-index boundary, watch the critical angle emerge, and see the same live diagram hand off from ordinary refraction to full internal reflection.

Physics

Kirchhoff Loop and Junction Rules

Kirchhoff rules

Write one current-balance equation at a junction and one voltage-balance equation around a loop on the same bounded grouped circuit, then see those equations match the live branch currents and drops.

Physics

Mirrors

Use plane, concave, and convex mirrors to track equal-angle reflection, signed image distance, and magnification on the same live ray diagram.

Physics

Equivalent Resistance

R_eq

Reduce one highlighted resistor group into an equivalent block, then collapse the whole mixed circuit honestly and watch how the total current and grouped behavior change together.

Physics

Magnetic Fields

B-fields

See how current direction, wire spacing, distance, and superposition set the magnetic field around one or two long straight wires, with the stage arrows and scan graphs tied to the same live source pattern.

Physics

Faraday's Law and Lenz's Law

Faraday / Lenz

Track one magnet passing one coil and see how changing magnetic flux linkage creates induced emf while Lenz's law fixes the response direction, with the stage, galvanometer, and graphs all driven by the same bounded motion.

Physics

Maxwell's Equations Synthesis

Maxwell synthesis

See what each Maxwell equation says physically, how sources and circulation differ, and why changing electric and magnetic fields together unify electricity, magnetism, and light.

Physics

Electromagnetic Waves

EM waves

See how changing electric and magnetic fields travel together as one rightward wave, with the local field pair, source-to-probe delay, and propagation cue all tied to the same compact live stage.

Physics

Magnetic Force on Moving Charges and Currents

Magnetic force

Launch one moving charge through a uniform magnetic field, compare it with a same-direction current segment, and connect force direction, curvature, and current-based force on one bounded live stage.

Physics

Lens Imaging

Lens imaging

Trace principal rays through converging and diverging lenses, connect the signed thin-lens equation to the diagram, and watch image distance and magnification respond to the same object setup.

Physics

RC Charging and Discharging

RC response

Keep one resistor-capacitor loop on screen so capacitor voltage, current, stored energy, and the time constant all stay tied to the same charging or discharging setup.

Physics

Optical Resolution / Imaging Limits

Optical resolution

Image two nearby point sources through one finite aperture and see why diffraction, wavelength, and aperture diameter limit how sharply an optical system can separate them.

Physics

Photoelectric Effect

Photoelectric effect

Use one compact lamp-to-metal bench to see why light frequency sets electron emission, why intensity alone fails below threshold, and how stopping potential reads the electron energy honestly.

Physics

Internal Resistance and Terminal Voltage

Internal resistance

Keep one non-ideal source and one load on screen so emf, internal drop, terminal voltage, current, and wasted power stay tied to the same one-loop circuit.

Physics

Atomic Spectra

Atomic spectra

Link discrete emission and absorption lines to allowed energy-level gaps with one compact ladder-and-spectrum bench that keeps transitions, wavelengths, and mode changes tied together.

Physics

de Broglie Matter Waves

Matter waves

Use one compact matter-wave bench to see how particle momentum sets wavelength, why heavier or faster particles get shorter wavelengths, and how whole-number loop fits form a bounded bridge toward early quantum behavior.

Physics

Bohr Model

Bohr model

Use a compact hydrogen bench to connect quantized energy levels, allowed transitions, and named spectral-line series while staying clear that Bohr is a useful historical model rather than the final quantum description.

Physics

Radioactivity and Half-Life

Half-life

Use one compact decay bench to see why each nucleus decays unpredictably, why large samples still follow a regular half-life curve, and how to read remaining-count graphs honestly.

Math

Graph Transformations

Graph transforms

Move one parent curve with honest controls so shifts, vertical scale, and reflections stay tied to the same overlaid graph and landmark points.

Math

Rational Functions / Asymptotes and Behavior

Rational functions

Vary one shifted reciprocal family so domain breaks, vertical and horizontal asymptotes, intercepts, and removable-hole behavior stay tied to the same graph.

Math

Exponential Change / Growth, Decay, and Logarithms

Exponential change

Change one starting value, one rate, and one target so growth, decay, doubling or half-life, and logarithmic target time all stay tied to the same live curve.

Math

Derivative as Slope / Local Rate of Change

Derivative as slope

Slide a point along one curve, tighten a secant into a tangent, and connect local steepness to the derivative graph without leaving the same live bench.

Math

Limits and Continuity / Approaching a Value

Limits and continuity

Move one target-distance slider inward from both sides, compare the finite-limit guide with the actual point, and separate continuous, removable-hole, jump, and blow-up behavior on one graph-first bench.

Math

Optimization / Maxima, Minima, and Constraints

Optimization and constraints

Move one rectangle width under a fixed 24 meter perimeter and watch height, area, and local slope respond together so the square maximum emerges from the same bench.

Math

Integral as Accumulation / Area

Integral as area

Drag one upper bound across a source curve, watch signed area and the accumulation graph update together, and separate current source height from the running total.

Math

Vectors in 2D

2D vectors

Combine, subtract, and scale vectors on one plane so magnitude, direction, and components stay tied to the same live object.

Math

Matrix Transformations / Stretch, Shear, Reflection

Matrix transforms

Let one 2 by 2 matrix act on a grid, the basis vectors, and a sample shape so stretch, shear, reflection, and combined plane changes stay visual instead of symbolic-only.

Math

Dot Product / Angle and Projection

Dot product

Keep two vectors, their angle, the signed projection of one onto the other, and the dot product visible together so alignment reads geometrically instead of as memorized cases.

Math

Complex Numbers on the Plane

Complex numbers

Read complex numbers as points and vectors on one plane, then keep addition and multiplication geometric instead of symbolic-only.

Math

Unit Circle / Sine and Cosine from Rotation

Unit circle rotation

Keep one rotating point, its x and y projections, and the sine-cosine traces linked so the unit circle becomes the live source of both functions.

Math

Polar Coordinates / Radius and Angle

Polar coordinates

Keep one point visible in polar and Cartesian views at the same time so radius and angle turn directly into x and y on the plane.

Math

Parametric Curves / Motion from Equations

Parametric curves

Keep x(t), y(t), the traced path, and the moving point visible together so shape and traversal stay distinct.

Math

Trig Identities from Unit-Circle Geometry

Trig identities

Keep one rotating point and its projections visible so the core trig identities stay tied to geometry instead of detached symbol rules.

Math

Inverse Trig / Angle from Ratio

Inverse trig

Keep one polar point and its coordinate signs visible so inverse trig becomes angle-from-ratio reasoning with quadrant checks instead of a calculator-only output.

Chemistry

Reaction Rate / Collision Theory

Reaction rate

Keep one chemistry box visible so temperature, concentration, activation threshold, and catalysts can be read as changes in successful collisions instead of chemistry slogans.

Chemistry

Dynamic Equilibrium / Le Chatelier's Principle

Dynamic equilibrium

Watch a reversible chemistry bench keep changing microscopically while the mixture settles toward a new balance after each disturbance.

Chemistry

Stoichiometric Ratios and Recipe Batches

Recipe ratios

Keep one reaction recipe visible so stoichiometric ratios read as complete batches, not detached worksheet proportions.

Chemistry

Limiting Reagent and Leftover Reactants

Limiting reagent

Use one recipe bench to see which reactant caps the output first and why the other reactant can remain in excess.

Chemistry

Percent Yield and Reaction Extent

Percent yield

Compare actual output with the same theoretical recipe cap so percent yield stays visual and honest on one shared bench.

Chemistry

Concentration and Dilution

Concentration

Use one beaker to separate how concentration changes when you add solvent from how it changes when you add more solute.

Chemistry

Solubility and Saturation

Solubility

Keep dissolved amount, excess solid, and current capacity in one beaker so saturation reads like a visible limit instead of a slogan.

Chemistry

Acid-Base / pH Intuition

pH intuition

Keep acid amount, base amount, water, and the pH strip visible together so acidity and basicity stay intuitive rather than memorized.

Chemistry

Buffers and Neutralization

Buffers

Keep neutralization, buffer reserve, and the pH strip visible together so steady pH does not look like unchanged chemistry.

Computer Science

Sorting and Algorithmic Trade-offs

Sorting trade-offs

Watch sorting as visible work on a live list so input order, comparisons, and writes stay concrete instead of collapsing into one final answer.

Computer Science

Binary Search / Halving the Search Space

Binary search

Keep an ordered list, the low-mid-high markers, and the shrinking interval visible together so binary search feels visual instead of procedural.

Computer Science

Graph Representation and Adjacency Intuition

Graph adjacency

Keep one live graph, one local neighborhood, and one frontier cue visible together so graph structure feels readable before traversal rules get formal.

Computer Science

Breadth-First Search and Layered Frontiers

BFS

Keep the queue frontier, visited count, and graph layers visible together so breadth-first search reads as a layered process instead of a procedure list.

Computer Science

Depth-First Search and Backtracking Paths

DFS

Keep the stack frontier, current depth, and branch order visible together so depth-first search feels like disciplined backtracking instead of random wandering.

Computer Science

Frontier and Visited State on Graphs

Frontier and visited

Keep repeat skips, waiting frontier nodes, and already-expanded nodes visible together so cycle handling feels like honest bookkeeping on one graph bench.